复杂海战场环境下AUV全局路径规划方法

针对无人自主水下航行器(Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, AUV)在复杂海战场环境中路径规划时环境模型复杂、约束条件多的情况,建立了包括战场地形、敌方威胁、障碍物和海流场等在内的比较完善的海战场环境模型。以AUV航行时间、威胁时间最短为优化目标,给出了一种基于振荡型入侵野草优化(Invasive Weeds Optimization, IWO)算法的AUV全局路径规划方法,并分别与标准IWO算法、全振荡型IWO算法以及粒子群算法等三种路径规划算法比较。仿真结果表明,所提方法具有较强的寻优能力和鲁棒性,可在复杂海战场环境下为AUV高效地规划出满足性能要求的航行路径。     

Using stochastic programming to solve an outpatient appointment scheduling problem with random service and arrival times

We study a stochastic outpatient appointment scheduling problem (SOASP) in which we need to design a schedule and an adaptive rescheduling (i.e., resequencing or declining) policy for a set of patients. Each patient has a known type and associated probability distributions of random service duration and random arrival time. Finding a provably optimal solution to this problem requires solving a multistage stochastic mixed‐integer program (MSMIP) with a schedule optimization problem solved at each stage, determining the optimal rescheduling policy over the various random service durations and arrival times. In recognition that this MSMIP is intractable, we first consider a two‐stage model (TSM) that relaxes the nonanticipativity constraints of MSMIP and so yields a lower bound. Second, we derive a set of valid inequalities to strengthen and improve the solvability of the TSM formulation. Third, we obtain an upper bound for the MSMIP by solving the TSM under the feasible (and easily implementable) appointment order (AO) policy, which requires that patients are served in the order of their scheduled appointments, independent of their actual arrival times. Fourth, we propose a Monte Carlo approach to evaluate the relative gap between the MSMIP upper and lower bounds. Finally, in a series of numerical experiments, we show that these two bounds are very close in a wide range of SOASP instances, demonstrating the near‐optimality of the AO policy. We also identify parameter settings that result in a large gap in between these two bounds. Accordingly, we propose an alternative policy based on neighbor‐swapping. We demonstrate that this alternative policy leads to a much tighter upper bound and significantly shrinks the gap.     

The virtual dimension of contemporary insurgency and counterinsurgency

This paper looks at the virtual dimension of contemporary insurgency and counterinsurgency. It argues that the West is faltering in the ‘War of Ideas’ with global Jihad for the main reason that the messages that we wish to convey lack narrative coherence. This is a result of the fact that we misapprehend the nature of the virtual operational environment whereas our opponents possess an intuitive grasp of it as a result of which their structure and method of operations are better adapted and more effective than our own. There is no reason, beyond inertia, that this should remain the case.     

基于仿真实验的弹道导弹阵地优选

合理部署弹道导弹位置对于提高作战效能具有至关重要的作用。基于解析计算的优化方法难以反映环境因素、武器装备的技术和动力特性等不确定性因素对部署位置的影响,求得的结果存在置信度低的问题。故将解析法与仿真实验相结合,以体系对抗条件下弹道导弹作战效能评估的数学模型为基础,建立了由各种作战实体和行动的模型聚合而成的弹道导弹攻防对抗仿真模型,然后通过仿真实验找出最优部署位置,最后给出了应用示例。实验表明该方法具有速度快、效率高、结果清晰直观的特点,可为指挥员提供科学、快速的决策支持。     

基于GDOP的多基地雷达布站优化研究

以BLUE算法和GDOP为基本定位算法和精度分析工具,评估多基地雷达的定位性能,建立以GDOP最小值最小和有效监控区最大为目标的多基地雷达布站优化模型.仿真结果表明,通过以下措施可提高定位性能:①增加收发站总数;②采取扇形方式布站;③优先增加部署接收站;④交替部署收发站;⑤通过优化模型优化扇形布站分布角总和.     

战斗机隐蔽接敌轨迹优化方法

针对空战对抗的隐蔽作战需求,对战斗机隐蔽接敌方法进行研究。基于战斗机雷达反射截面积的动态特性建立雷达探测威胁模型;以空战态势参数为状态建立接敌引导模型;以给定目标发现概率为暴露阈值进行威胁约束;以最小化接敌过程中累积被发现概率为性能指标;将战斗机隐蔽接敌问题建模为隐蔽性约束下的最优控制问题。为保证算法的实时性和有效性,引入滚动时域控制策略进行在线优化,并采用高斯伪谱法进行数值求解。仿真实验表明,通过路径约束和性能指标双重约束,能有效增强战斗机接敌的隐蔽性,算法实时性能满足战斗机控制的需求。     

战时装备维修保障资源优化模型

维修资源在抢修过程中的分配决定了抢修活动的平均处理时间和等待时间,针对抢修实施时维修资源的分配,研究资源的优化配置使抢修时间最小的问题.在抢修过程中使抢修时间最小的目标和约束条件下,提出了资源配置优化的排队模型,并结合遗传算法给出了求解最优配置模型的方法,通过实例分析说明了模型和方法的应用情况.资源配置优化模型和算法已成功应用于集群装备保障决策系统的开发.     

混合不确定条件下的飞行器级间分离可靠性分析

为量化飞行器级间分离过程随机不确定性和认知不确定性的综合影响,结合概率和区间理论混合模型特点,提出了一种基于随机和区间理论混合模型的飞行器级间分离可靠性分析方法。面向高超声速飞行器分离任务需求,建立分离动力学仿真模型,针对级间分离结构的几何特点,设计了一种快速碰撞检测方法,进而构建了分离任务的可靠性分析混合模型。通 过将该模型转化为随机可靠性分析的无约束优化问题,考虑分离过程中复杂外力及力矩导致功能函数高度非线性的特点,利用高效全局优化和主动学习Kriging方法实现无约束优化问题高效求解。结合实例表明,该方法能够准确描述混合不确定性因素对飞行器分离过程的影响,给出了飞行器分离任务可靠性区间,可为飞行器分离方案的精细化设计提供决策支持。     

一种适用于UHF频段军事卫星通信的高效传输方案

特高频(UHF)频段由于其良好的通信性能,正愈发广泛地应用于军事卫星通信,尤其是卫星移动通信,然而由于该频段信道所受干扰和固有衰落的限制,UHF在卫星通信中的应用并非一帆风顺。如何提高系统通信容量及在干扰环境下的信道可用率是目前UHF频段军事卫星通信发展所面临的主要挑战。文章在分析UHF频段卫星通信特点的基础上,简要介绍了具有良好性能的低密度校验码(LDPC)码和连续相位调制(CPM)方式,并结合UHF频段的卫星信道特点,提出了一种新的发展对策——LDPC+CPM+FH的串行级联通信方案,最后对方案进行了建模和计算机仿真。     

基于接收机跟踪性能的GPS压制干扰效果分析

随着抗干扰技术的发展,为了更准确地分析P(Y)码与C/A码GPS接收机的压制干扰效果,在分析现有GPS接收机压制干扰效果研究方法和评价指标的基础上,提出了一种基于接收机跟踪性能的可用于同时分析P(Y)码与C/A码GPS接收机压制干扰效果的方法.与传统的压制干扰效果研究方法相比,该方法更接近于实际试验结果.